Breast cancer and lymphedema are linked because certain treatments used for this disease, primarily mastectomy, can lead to mild to severe lymphedema. This generally occurs when lymph nodes in or near the breast are removed or damaged when the breasts are removed. The swelling and water retention associated with lymphedema can cause additional discomfort for those who may also be dealing with surgery recovery and additional cancer treatments when needed.
Lymphedema refers to a condition in which the lymphatic system, primarily the lymph nodes, are not able to effectively drain fluids from the body. This can lead to swelling in the legs, feet, arms, and hands. Treatments for breast cancer and lymphedema are linked because a large portion of women who have a mastectomy will eventually suffer from this swelling.
Women who are at risk of developing lymphedema can avoid it by drinking plenty of water, eating a healthy diet, and doing things to avoid infection. These are all healthy habits to have anyway, and they may also help in the treatments against cancer. Sometimes an injury to an arm or leg may cause the initial case of lymphedema. There is no cure once the condition has begun, and treatment should be sought as soon as possible.
Treatment for breast cancer and lymphedema can be performed simultaneously. Swelling is generally alleviated with the use of wraps for the affected limb, elevation, and sometimes manual drainage of the excess fluids. A doctor can help determine the best form of treatment for each individual patient. Since sitting or standing in one place for too long can make swelling worse, moderate exercise is often recommended as much as the patient is able.
Breast cancer is generally treated using surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. These may be used separately or together. Many women are able to survive this disease due to earlier detection and treatment. Women who have breast cancer and lymphedema may also benefit from nutritional treatments, since foods which help to combat cancer by boosting the immune system may also help alleviate swelling because of their high water content.
Patients who believe they have lymphedema after a mastectomy should seek treatment right away. When left untreated, swelling can grow very severe and pain may become an issue. This condition can generally be managed when caught early and treated aggressively.
