SLT stands for Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty. It is a type of laser therapy that uses low-level frequencies. This technology is intended to treat patients with glaucoma, a medical condition that can result in the loss of vision. SLT for glaucoma helps reduce intraocular pressure, or the pressure within the eye. This method should not be considered a cure, but rather it is a tool for managing the condition.
Most patients may be candidates for undergoing SLT for glaucoma. There are different types of the condition, and this laser therapy can treat patients with open angle glaucoma, ocular hyper tension, and normal tension. It can also be used with juvenile, aphakic, and pigmentary glaucomas. An optometrist or ophthalmologist can recommend whether a person would be a good candidate for this procedure.
SLT for glaucoma works by targeting specific, pigmented cells — or only cells that contain melanin — within the eye. This increases the fluid drainage from the eye to reduce intraocular pressure. Another type of laser therapy, argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) accomplishes this same benefit, but can result in the burning and scarring of tissues. Due to the gentler nature of SLT, this procedure may be repeated several times over the course of a patient's life without major adverse scarring. This laser therapy can also help reduce a patient's reliance on medications and eye drops.
Patients do not usually need to stay overnight in a hospital for this treatment, it is typically performed on an outpatient basis. The doctor will administer drops to numb the eye. He will then apply the laser. The total length of the procedure is generally no more than 15 to 20 minutes. Patients will likely remain at the doctor's office for about two hours, so that their intraocular pressure can be monitored.
After the procedure, most patients should be able to drive themselves home. People who are nervous about the procedure, however, may wish to have a friend or family member escort them home. There are typically no restrictions on activities following treatment.
Results of SLT for glaucoma are typically noticeable quickly. Within the day or two of the treatment, the intraocular pressure should drop significantly. Patients should expect several follow-up visits so that the doctor can monitor the eye. Anti-inflammatory eye drops may need to be administered for the next four to seven days.
SLT for glaucoma does not often cause complications. Some possible side effects include eye pain, inflammation, and a temporary increase in intraocular pressure. Patients who notice these or other side effects should contact their doctors.
