Urinary tract infections (UTIs) may sometimes be caused by bacteria, and occasionally, some strains of bacteria will not respond to treatments with commonly used antibiotics. Norfloxacin is an antimicrobial drug that may sometimes be used in these cases, as it can be effective in cases of drug-resistant organisms. This drug has some potential interactions with other medications, and may sometimes produce dangerous severe side effects, which are two of the main reasons that it is usually only administered sparingly.
Unlike other antimicrobials, the uses of norfloxacin are often restricted to UTIs, but may also include some sexually transmitted diseases like gonorrhea, as well as prostate infections. Generally, a norfloxacin dose is taken two times daily for lengths of time that may range from three days to several weeks. Adult doses are often 400 milligrams (mg) taken at a time, except for gonorrhea cases, when they may be as high as 800 mg per dose.
Many medications can exhibit altered and sometimes intensified effects or interactions when combined with norfloxacin. This drug can inhibit the activity of certain liver enzymes that break down a variety of drugs, such as caffeine or muscle relaxants like tizanidine, so when it is taken, these substances may exert stronger effects. Anti-coagulant drugs like warfarin can also act more powerfully when taken with norfloxacin, and some patients taking both medications may have blood samples taken to ensure that clotting activity stays within a normal range.
Side effects of norfloxacin can vary based on the individual taking the medication. Some of the more common adverse effects that are seen among people taking the drug can include weakness, dizziness, headaches, and nausea. In some rarer cases, back pain, fever, diarrhea, and dry mouth can occur. Occasionally, extremely severe effects can happen without warning to individuals using this medication, like the death of nerve cells or rupturing of tendons. These risks, as well as the aforementioned interactions, can sometimes limit the use of the drug.
Often, individuals using norfloxacin may follow specific regimens to minimize side effects and other risks. Drinking a large amount of water on a daily basis and avoiding caffeine and tea can help reduce the chances of becoming dehydrated. Caution may also be used when taking any other medications or dietary supplements, and many people only use them when directed to do so by a doctor. Some people may become light sensitive when they take this medication, and they may often use sunscreen or avoid going outdoors to avoid skin irritation.
