Nisoldipine is a medication prescribed for patients with high blood pressure. It is a type of drug called a calcium channel blocker that works by relaxing the blood vessels. This allows for greater blood circulation and may help prevent some of the complications of high blood pressure, including heart attacks and strokes. A doctor may sometimes prescribe other hypertension drugs to be taken along with nisoldipine.
This medication is available as an extended-release tablet that the doctor will usually prescribe once daily. It should never be split, chewed, or otherwise broken, because too much of the drug will be released at once. Patients will be instructed to take it on an empty stomach. The dose should never be taken within two hours following a high-fat meal, or one hour prior to it, because this may worsen certain side effects.
Certain precautions should be followed while using nisoldipine for high blood pressure. Alcoholic beverages should be limited. Patients must avoid grapefruit, grapefruit juice, or similar products, because this can increase the amount of nisoldipine in the patient's bloodstream. Those who plan to undergo surgery, including dental surgery, should inform the surgeon that they are using this drug. Patients may need to avoid using salt substitutes that contain potassium.
Some side effects may occur with the use of nisoldipine, which should be reported to the prescribing physician if they become severe. Patients may experience headaches, flushing, and dizziness. Those who experience dizziness should avoid driving until they feel well again. Swelling of the feet or ankles has also been reported, along with nasal congestion, a sore throat, and excessive fatigue. Occasionally, the patient may expel the shell of the tablet in his stool, which is not a cause for concern.
More serious side effects require emergency medical care. Patients should contact their doctors if they experience vision changes, a rapid or irregular heartbeat, or fainting. Difficulty breathing or swallowing, a rash, or swelling of the throat, face, or lips may indicate a possible allergic reaction.
Before using nisoldipine to lower high blood pressure, patients must disclose all other medical conditions. As of 2011, it is unknown whether this drug may pass into breast milk. Women who are pregnant should avoid its use whenever possible. It may be contraindicated for use by those who have liver disease or a structural heart problem.
Nisoldipine may interact with other medications. Patients must disclose all other drugs and supplements they take, including phenytoin, certain antibiotics, and St. John's wort. Certain drugs for seizures, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and antifungals may also interact with it.
