Mucoviscidosis, more popularly known as cystic fibrosis, is a hereditary disease that runs in families and is present from the time of birth. Abnormal secretions, especially in the lungs and digestive tract, are produced in those who have mucoviscidosis. Some of the most common symptoms include frequent respiratory problems, chronic infections, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Treatment measures vary according to the specific symptoms and may include the use of medications, nutritional therapy, or surgical intervention.
A recessive gene defect is thought to be the cause of mucoviscidosis. This means that a copy of the defective gene must come from each parent in order for the affected person to exhibit symptoms of the disease. If only one copy of the defective gene is inherited, the person becomes a carrier for mucoviscidosis but will not develop symptoms.
The defective gene that is responsible for the development of mucoviscidosis causes some of the glands in the body to function improperly. Chronic lung problems are among the most common and medically devastating symptoms of this condition. Frequent respiratory infections can cause a significant amount of damage to the lungs over a period of time. When the pancreas and intestines are affected, the body may not be able to properly absorb the nutrients that the body needs in order to function properly.
Treatment for lung problems associated with mucoviscidosis usually begins with the use of prescription antibiotics to treat any infection that may be present. Oxygen therapy may be needed from time to time if the patient has difficulty breathing. Additional medications may be given in the form of an inhaler so that the airways are kept as open as possible. In the most severe cases, a lung transplant may become necessary if significant damage has occurred due to the complications caused by mucoviscidosis.
Nutritional therapy is often needed for those who are diagnosed with mucoviscidosis. A diet high in calories and protein is often recommended, and vitamin supplements are typically needed. Special pancreatic enzymes may be given in order to help the digestive system properly absorb fats.
Some tips that can be used at home may help to ease some of the symptoms of this disease. Drinking plenty of water can help to keep mucus and other secretions thin and easier to get rid of. Contact with respiratory contaminants such as cigarette smoke and household chemicals can make it easier to breathe. A moderate exercise program can help to strengthen the lungs and help to promote the overall health of the patient.
