Although making a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's is difficult to do without an autopsy performed upon death, tests and assessments can produce conclusive evidence that strongly suggest the disease. Laboratory work that involves blood testing can determine if a gene is present that is known to be a strong factor in patients with Alzheimer's. The patient's physician may also ask a series of questions regarding family history and illnesses indicative of associated risk. He may then perform an evaluation to determine the mental capacity and cognizant skills of the patient.
Experts feel that Alzheimer's support in the way of a trained professional is essential if the patient is showing evident signs of the disease. A specialist will most likely do an evaluation as the first step in diagnostic procedure. The physician will typically want to assess history of illness in the patient as well as family members. Physical, mental and emotional factors also are typically considered in this process. If there is a history of family members who have exhibited or have had a conclusive diagnosis of Alzheimer's, this might prove helpful in determining if the patient is at high risk.
Performing a complete physical examination can also be helpful in diagnosing Alzheimer's and will help determine if the patient has any underlying conditions which may or may not be directly related to the disease. There are certain genetic factors which might be evident by taking a sample of the patient's blood and examining it under a microscope. Blood work is typically a standard procedure in this degree of testing.
In addition, the physician may suggest the patient undergoes a procedure known as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI will scan the brain for abnormalities or changes that may point to a possibility of the disease. Additionally, a doctor may choose a procedure known as Computerized Axial Tomography (CT or CAT scan) to get an in-depth look at imaging of the brain. While this cannot produce a conclusive diagnosis of Alzheimer's, it can detect distortions in the structure or activity within the brain that could be suggestive of the disease.
The next step may involve a neuropsychological evaluation to determine how the patient is functioning with daily tasks and reasoning. This may involve memory, cognizant abilities and general logic. Communication skills may also be evaluated. During the course of the psychological exam, the patient may be asked to complete a written evaluation as well.
After a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's has been made, the doctor may suggest a few different options. An Alzheimer's therapy program may be recommended. In some cases, the doctor may feel medication can help control the symptoms and keep the disease from progressing. A nutritionally complete diet for Alzheimer's may also be recommended as an integral part of managing for the disease.
