General dermatology is the treatment of a wide range of skin, hair and nail conditions in a clinical setting. Both adult and pediatric practitioners are available to address issues such as infections, rashes, genetic skin conditions and discoloration of the skin. These practitioners can perform minor surgeries on the skin in addition to evaluating patients through the use of physical examinations, skin scrapings and diagnostic tools such as blood tests. They work out of hospitals and clinics and, in some communities, might offer mobile health services, sometimes working out of a van or truck to accommodate patients who cannot travel to a healthcare facility.
Practitioners in this area have attended medical school and completed a residency in dermatology. Some of them pursue board certification with a professional organization as well. They are qualified to diagnose and treat a broad array of skin, hair and nail conditions. If necessary, the patient can be referred to a specialist, such as a cancer dermatologist who focuses on the treatment of skin cancer. Patients who have aesthetic concerns about their skin can see a cosmetic dermatologist.
One aspect of general dermatology is the evaluation of moles, patches of discoloration and other skin changes. The doctor can examine the patient, take a scraping if necessary and determine whether any action should be taken. This could include an in-office procedure to remove a growth, a medication to address discoloration caused by infection or a variety of other treatment options. Dermatologists also handle issues such as rashes, skin infections, skin irritation and inflammation.
Conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, rosacea and acne fall under the purview of general dermatology. Fungal infections of the skin and scalp also can be treated by such practitioners. Patients who have generally unhealthy hair and scalps might see a general dermatologist to get advice and treatment. These practitioners also can address excessive sweating and body hair. Specialists in general dermatology might work with endocrinologists and other practitioners, as necessary, to explore possible diagnoses and treatment options.
Genetic conditions involving the skin, hair and nails also are part of general dermatology. Patients might need assistance with ongoing monitoring and management of genetic conditions throughout their lives. This can include prescribing skin creams to manage flaky, scaling, painful skin, along with regular checkups for complications — such as infection — that might arise in some patients who have genetic skin problems. The dermatologist also can provide advice to people who are considering parenthood and have concerns about passing on deleterious genes to their children.