Cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary study of human cognition. Researchers within the discipline look at the psychological, computational, and biological mechanisms which have an impact on human thought, or cognition. Numerous branches of science including cognitive psychology, neuroscience, psychobiology, psychophysics, and neurobiology are integrated into the study of cognitive neuroscience, which aims to understand how humans think and behave, and why.
In addition to incorporating research from numerous disciplines, cognitive neuroscience also uses a great deal of technology to study human cognition. Advanced brain imaging systems are used to gain a deeper knowledge of the division of labor within the brain, for example. The study of genetics also plays an important role, as scientists attempt to understand potential genetic links to behavior and through processes. In addition, scientists carry out controlled studies inside and outside of the lab to learn more about how people think.
Several major universities host sizable cognitive neuroscience departments, drawing faculty from a number of other departments. Students are able to engage in cutting edge research using excellent facilities, and the small community encourages publication and the sharing of information. Students come from a wide assortment of backgrounds, incorporating numerous interests into the discipline.
The roots of cognitive neuroscience can be found in several scientific disciplines, but the breakthrough research began to happen in the 1860s, when doctors recognized that different parts of the brain had different functions. This led to a desire to learn more about the “black box” of the brain, along with the nervous system in general. It is believed that human cognitive processes, such as attention, learning, memory, development, language, emotion, decision making, and problem solving, are all related to biological mechanisms.
The brain is a very poorly understood organ, although more information is being gathered about it all the time, thanks to the efforts of scientists in disciplines like cognitive neuroscience. Despite extensive study, the complexity of the brain means that humans may never fully understand the processes behind their behavior. However, findings from this field can help to illustrate why some people have trouble learning, or why others have difficulty demonstrating empathy.
Understanding the biological basis for human behavior through cognitive neuroscience means that doctors have the potential to help patients with behavioral conditions. It has already led to important developments in the treatment of depression and learning disorders, as well as a deeper general understanding of the human mind.
