An oak tree is one of many varieties of tree or shrub of either the Quercas or Lithocarpus genus. Native to the Northern Hemisphere, oak trees range widely across Europe, Asia, North and South America. Known for acorns and as a mythological symbol with many meanings, the oak tree is often renowned for its strength and longevity. Yet like most trees, the mighty branches hold a delicate system and balance of life that can be shaken and even destroyed by some conditions.
It is difficult to believe that a tree that can grow to be over 100 ft (30 meters) can start out as a tiny acorn. Indeed, these small fruits have a very rare chance of surviving to become a tree. Some experts estimate that less than one in 10,000 acorns will become a mature tree. Possibly as a way of ensuring species survival, many oak trees increase acorn production enormously after reaching maturity, producing thousands of acorns each year.
In mythology, the oak tree is an important symbol across many different cultures. As a symbol of strength and power, the oak tree is often associated with the highest-ranked god of polytheistic religions. The tree is considered a major sign or associated symbol for Jupiter, Zeus, and Thor. In England, the famous Major Oak of Sherwood is often associated with the legends of Robin Hood, who supposedly hatched his plots near its boughs. The Judeo-Christian Bible is full of references to the oak tree, which often served as a symbol of the strength of the church and of God.
Despite its importance as a symbol of strength and virility, many oak trees are subject to serious and even fatal diseases. One condition, called sudden oak death, is caused by an infestation of near-microscopic mold, and can kill a healthy tree within days or weeks. Ailing oak trees can be an extreme danger to anyone nearby, as they can fall suddenly and with little warning. Care should be taken to regularly inspect oak trees that grow in public areas, in order to avoid accidents and even fatalities.
Oaks are prized for their wood for many different uses, including the making of barrels. Wine barrels constructed from oak are highly prized for their ability to add flavor and depth to wines, improving the taste and quality of many vintages. For centuries, oaks were also prized in construction, particularly in England where they became the favored timber in Tudor-style homes and buildings. Sturdy furniture is still constructed from oak and highly valued, although its presence as a building material has greatly lessened since the early 20th century due to fire danger.
