Allergic sinusitis is an inflammation of the cavities in the skull known as the sinuses. This inflammation is the result of an allergic reaction. People with a wide range of allergies can develop allergic sinusitis. There are a number of treatments available depending on the nature of the allergies, the severity of the sinusitis, and the patient's general health. Treatment can be provided by a general practitioner, an allergy specialist, or an ear, nose, and throat physician.
A case of allergic sinusitis starts with allergic rhinitis, an inflammation of the nose caused by inhaling allergens. Some examples of allergens can include dust, pollen, pet dander, particles of foods to which the patient is allergic, and so forth. When these materials enter the nose, the immune system goes into overdrive and an inflammatory process starts. The patient usually develops a runny nose and other symptoms like watering eyes. Allergens can also enter the airways and trigger bronchial spasms or asthma attacks.
Allergic rhinitis can cause the sinuses in the back of the nose to block up. As they become blocked, they are also inflamed and they can also become infected. When the sinuses fail to drain properly they can create an environment which is very appealing to bacteria and other microorganisms. These organisms will make themselves at home. The patient will develop a thick discharge which is often smelly and discolored, and can experience headaches, ringing ears, and other symptoms related to the blocked sinuses.
Immediate treatment for allergic sinusitis can include irrigation of the nose with salt water to promote drainage along with the administration of antiinflammatory drugs which will reduce the swelling and make the patient feel more comfortable. Antihistamines can be used to inhibit the allergic reactions which cause the inflammation in the first place, and such drugs may be prescribed prophylactically to patients with allergies which are difficult to control for, such as allergies to pollen.
In the long term, there are other treatments available for allergic sinusitis. Some patients may benefit from allergy shots which reduce their sensitivity to allergens, while others may find allergy medications which blunt allergic responses helpful. Other options can include regular irrigation of the nose with a device such as a neti pot to remove accumulations of allergens and mucous, along with lifestyle changes which reduce exposure to allergens such as wrapping mattresses and pillows so that dust mites will not be inhaled during sleep.
