Aldactone® is a prescription oral medication that is used to treat a number of different health conditions, including high blood pressure, fluid retention, kidney inflammation, and liver cirrhosis. The drug is classified by doctors as a potassium-sparing diuretic, or water pill. Its primary function is to aid in the body's removal of sodium and water while keeping potassium levels high and promoting healthy blood flow. A patient may need to take only a few doses of Aldactone® during an acute phase of an illness or use the medication daily to manage long-term blood pressure and potassium issues.
The body's adrenal glands produce a hormone called aldosterone that normally acts to regulate potassium, sodium, and water levels in the body. When the glands produce too much aldosterone, potassium levels drop and blood pressure rises. Aldactone® binds to aldosterone receptors in the kidneys, thereby preventing the excess amounts of the hormone from entering circulation in the body. With the receptors blocked, water and sodium are flushed out through urine and existing potassium is preserved.
Aldactone® is frequently used during the course of treatment for congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and kidney disease, acting to stabilize blood pressure and lessen internal swelling. It is also prescribed as a long-term controlling agent against chronic blood pressure problems and potassium deficiencies. A woman who has polycystic ovary syndrome may need to take the drug to treat abnormal body hair growth and outbreaks of severe acne.
Doctors are careful when determining dosage amounts to prevent potentially serious health complications. They consider patients' ages, weights, and medical histories, and usually give small doses at first to gauge reactions. Since Aldactone® can have adverse interactions with other drugs, it is essential for a patient to tell his or her doctor about all current prescription and over-the-counter medications. In most cases, patients are instructed to take one or two pills a day for up to five weeks, during which time they need to check in with their doctors regularly.
Some side effects are common when taking Aldactone®, though they are usually mild and only last for a few hours. A person might experience a bout of nausea, a light headache, stomach cramps, gas, or diarrhea. Less commonly, weakness, muscle pain, numbness, or tremors can occur. Allergic reactions are also possible, leading to the development of hives and significant breathing disorders. An individual who experiences any lasting adverse side effects should stop taking the medication and seek treatment at an emergency room.