A hysteroscopy is a procedure that doctors use to examine the inside of a woman’s uterus. The hysteroscope used for the procedure is a thin tube with a viewing device. It is inserted through the patient’s vagina and into the uterus. This device is used for diagnostic purposes, however, if any abnormal masses are found, the doctor may remove them during the same procedure.
The hysteroscopy may be performed if the patient complains of abnormal menstruation. Heavy bleeding or abnormally long periods may be reasons to undergo a hysteroscopy. One may also be ordered also if a woman notices bleeding between periods.
To prepare for this procedure, the patient should schedule the exam on the week following her period. This will provide the doctor with the most ideal diagnostic conditions. Patients should also discuss any allergies with their doctor beforehand, such as any reactions to numbing medications like lidocaine. Depending on any additional medications used during the procedure, such as sedatives, the patient may also need to refrain from eating or drinking for at least eight hours before the exam. Immediately before undergoing a hysteroscopy, patients should empty their bladders.
During the procedure itself, the doctor will cleanse the vaginal area and administer an anesthesia. She may use a local anesthesia, administered via injections, or a regional anesthesia, which is given through a needle in the lower back. Patients who are nervous about the procedure, or those who may undergo additional procedures, may be given a general anesthesia. This will render the patient unconscious.
The doctor will then insert the hysteroscope into the uterus. Either a gas or a liquid is then released from the instrument to allow the doctor to see inside the uterus. Should the doctor find any abnormalities, such as a polyp or growth, she can insert another thin instrument through the hysteroscope and into the uterus to remove them. If no abnormalities are found, the doctor may take a small tissue sample to test.
Typically, the patient is able to leave the clinic or hospital right after the procedure. If the doctor administered general anesthesia, she will need to wait for its effects to pass before being discharged. Patients who are placed under general anesthesia should have someone drive them home. Most women are able to return to normal activities the following day, however, this may vary depending on the individual. Patients should follow their doctor’s instructions regarding the use of tampons or engaging in sexual intercourse following a hysteroscopy.
Before undergoing a hysteroscopy, patients should understand the possible risks involved. Mild cramping and a small amount of bloody discharge for a few days following the hysteroscopy is typical. It is possible for a patient to experience heavy bleeding, fever, or chills. In these cases, patients should contact their doctor right away. Some patients should not undergo this procedure, such as those who are pregnant, or patients who have uterine cancer or a vaginal or urinary tract infection.
