The correct mannitol dose is determined by the patient's condition and his or her reaction to the medication. In certain instances a minimum dosage is required to prevent side effects. Larger doses may be given for those with severe symptoms, during certain surgeries, or for people who have a long-term illness or condition. There are several mannitol dose options available since vials of this drug come in a wide range of sizes and dilutions.
Mannitol is a drug used most commonly to induce urination. This may be needed in those who have severe renal disease. Proper urination is required because without it, toxins can build up inside the kidneys and lead to worsened condition or additional health problems. It may also be used to reduce swelling in the brain and to help remove poisons from the body. The ideal mannitol dose is partially determined by which of these conditions is being treated, as well as the patient's bodily fluid intake and requirements.
When being used to induce urination, the mannitol dose is determined by the amount of certain toxins in the kidneys as well as the patient's hydration level. The medication is often used in combination with other drugs and fluids to keep patients well hydrated during the treatment process. With more frequent urination, there is a great chance of dehydration, so adequate water intake or intravenous fluids are very important.
The patient's reaction to the drug may also dictate the correct mannitol dose. Some severe side effects may occur in certain individuals. The lowest effective dosage may be used initially and then slowly increased as the patient's body adjusts to the drug. The proper dosage is also sometimes measured in daily amounts rather than individual doses. Mannitol is given by injection, and vials come in several potential dosing options.
Potential side effects of mannitol are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, irritation at the injection site, and dry mouth. Vomiting and diarrhea can lead to dehydration, so patients with severe side effects may require additional fluids when taking this medication to avoid complications. Occasionally, other serious side effects may also occur. These may include shallow or labored breathing, mood or behavior changes, blackened skin, seizures, tremor, or chest pain. Patients with these and any other severely troubling symptoms should contact a doctor immediately because their dosage may need to be adjusted or stopped altogether.
