Though scientists have been searching for an answer, it is not yet known what causes autism. Several risk factors that contribute to the development of the neurological disorder have been identified, however, including environmental contaminants and genetics. Research has not shown that these factors actually cause autism; rather, these symptoms may contribute to the development of the disorder.
Autism usually starts to express itself in children under three years old. Children who have the disorder may singly focus on one item for long periods of time or engage in repetitive activities. Many times, these children lack empathy, the ability to recognize and take into account others' feelings. Autism may also impair a child’s social development and can affect his ability to learn. In addition, the child may become very upset when there is a change in his routine.
Toxins in the environment have been viewed as one of the contributing factors in the development of autism, though it is important to note that many experts do not believe it causes autism. Many people link the increase of mercury exposure to the increase of autism diagnoses. Between the periods of 1992-1993 and 2000-2001, autism diagnoses increased over 600%. Those who believe mercury is a contributing factor to the development of autism point to the increase of vaccines using a form of mercury as a preservative. While some believe this theory is valid, others believe that there is no real basis for drawing a link between the two circumstances.
Genetics have also been researched as a factor that causes autism. Scientists have been able to uncover unstable sections on several genes that have to do with the development of this disorder. In addition, a person with autism may have someone in his family who also has autism, has traits of autism, or a similar disorder such as Fragile X syndrome. This adds weight the argument that genetics may have something to do with its development. It has also been shown that parents who have an autistic child have a one in 20 chance of having another child with autism.
Despite all the research, scientists have not yet identified what specifically causes autism. Nevertheless, there are some treatments that those with autism can undergo to help them learn to interact with the world around them. Therapy may help a child develop social and other skills necessary to function effectively in his life. In addition, medication may be prescribed in order to manage symptoms such as depression and obsessive compulsive behaviors. The family of an autistic child can also undergo therapy in order to learn how to deal with and assist their child with the disorder.
