Water heater straps are made to hold a water heater in place, preventing as much movement as possible during emergency situations such as earthquakes. In California, for example, water heater straps are required by law. Every unit must be effectively secured with water heater straps in the manner prescribed by law before any commercial or residential property can be sold or purchased. The favored type of water heater straps are those that can be wrapped around the unit completely, because they provide greater immobility.
In earthquake prone areas where water heater straps are mandatory, at least two straps are required for each unit. One must be placed approximately twelve inches (30.4 cm) from the top of the unit while the other should be placed about eighteen inches (45.7 cm) from the bottom. If there is space between the unit and the wall to which it is to be secured, "back spacers" may be required to fill in the gap before installing water heater straps. Planks of wood are sometimes used as back spacers.
If your home was built before 1990, check to see when your water heater was installed or if it was replaced before 1990. Those installed before the laws went into effect may not be secured with water heater straps. Even though no one is likely to drop by to check your water heater if you aren't selling your home, you should install water heater straps to help keep your home and family safe in the event of an emergency.
While you're at it, check to make sure the water heater has flexible gas and water lines as well, since these are also legally required and imperative to safety during an earthquake. Non-flexible lines can break easily with only the slightest movement of the water heater. You should also turn gas off at the main cut off in the event of an emergency. If you're not sure what kind of parts and equipment you need, consider purchasing a restraint kit that includes water heater straps, clamps, and other necessary hardware for installation. Instructions are included and installation is fairly straightforward, so it should be do-able for most homeowners.
