The most common rifampicin side effects are cramps or upset stomach, changes in menstruation, and heartburn. Other common effects include gas, diarrhea, and headache. Some patients may also experience dizziness as a result of taking the drug.
Another of the frequently seen rifampicin side effects is discoloration of bodily fluids such as tears, sweat, and saliva. These fluids may take on a reddish hue as a result of taking the medication. It may also appear in urine and bowel movements. The discoloration can cause permanent staining of soft contact lenses. For this reason, many doctors recommend not wearing lenses during treatment.
Some of the less frequent rifampicin side effects include itching, skin inflammation, and a rash. Patients may also experience symptoms similar to the flu or problems with the liver that can lead to liver disease. These issues should receive immediate medical attention.
The rarest rifampicin side effects are also among the most severe. They include yellowed skin or eyes due to advanced liver problems, dark or bloody urine or feces, and severe stomach pain or vomiting. Extreme tiredness or changes in behavior such as uncharacteristic confusion are also rare, but severe, effects. Medical attention should be sought immediately should any of these issues arise after taking the drug.
There are several conditions which can increase the risk of using rifampicin. As the drug is only meant to be taken for a limited time, extended use can lead to problems such as yeast infections or thrush. Patients who already have porphyria or liver disease may also be at a higher risk of side effects. It is also wise to disclose all current use of medications and supplements as some products may have a dangerous reaction with the drug. Birth control can reduce the effectiveness of the drug and caution is advised for pregnant or nursing women as the effects of rifampicin in these situations have been unclear.
In order to avoid side effects, it is also advisable to take rifampicin exactly as prescribed. This includes taking the entire prescribed amount, even if symptoms disappear. The drug should also be taken on an empty stomach and at least one hour before and after eating.
Rifampicin is an antibiotic in the rifamycin group. It is most commonly prescribed for patients with infections such as tuberculosis, though it does not treat the infection. The drug is used to stop the spread of bacteria in the body and to other individuals.
