Allergy shots are used as a treatment option for some people who suffer from various types of allergies, especially those who have other underlying medical conditions such as asthma. Reactions to allergy shots are relatively rare, although they can be potentially fatal if not treated right away. The most common reactions include mild skin reactions at the site of the injection. A temporary increase of allergy symptoms may occur after receiving an allergy injection. Anaphylaxis, a potentially fatal complication, is among the most serious possible reactions to allergy shots.
Redness and swelling are the most commonly reported reactions to allergy shots. These side effects typically go away on their own without any specific medical treatment within a matter of minutes or hours. In some cases, this type of reaction does not develop until several hours after the injection, but even then the symptoms are generally gone completely within 24 hours. Any side effects that last longer than 24 hours should be reported to a doctor for further evaluation.
Mild reactions to allergy shots that mimic the allergy symptoms themselves may develop in some people. These symptoms may include sneezing, watery or itchy eyes, or a stuffy nose. Although these symptoms are usually mild in nature, many doctors will ask the patient to remain in the office for 30 minutes or so following the injection to make sure that no serious complications arise.
Potentially serious reactions to allergy shots may include wheezing, difficulty breathing, or dizziness. These symptoms should be reported to a doctor right away, as they could indicate a life-threatening condition known as anaphylaxis. A type of rash known as hives may develop, and the face and throat may begin to swell. This causes labored breathing and blood pressure changes, which may lead to fainting or a complete loss of consciousness.
Anaphylaxis can cause death within a matter of minutes, so urgent medical assistance is essential. The patient who suffers such severe reactions to allergy shots will typically be admitted into the hospital for a couple of days or so. Life support measures such as oxygen therapy may need to be used until the health of the patient is stabilized. A special type of injectible medication known as epinephrine will often be prescribed for the patient to keep handy in the event that a similar reaction occurs in the future. Any questions or concerns about potential reactions to allergy shots should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
