Information technology (IT) security professionals are responsible for making sure that all of an organization's software, telecommunication devices, telecommunications programs and networks are protected against intruders. They do this by installing firewalls, which block access from unauthorized locations, and by developing passwords and other deterrents. IT security professionals must keep up with new threats, such as viruses and hacking methods, so they can develop new defenses against these security risks. Some of the most common IT security qualifications are undergraduate and graduate degrees in fields such as computer science and information systems — normally with concentrations in security. Other IT security qualifications depend on the level of responsibility that is associated with a particular position.
For entry-level positions, IT security qualifications might require only some academic preparation. Many people take these positions as interns while still in their college programs. They might apply security principles that they learn in class to the work they do in an IT department under close supervision of established IT security professionals. In many cases, IT security qualifications for these lower-level positions might also include references from instructors who can attest to an individual's understanding of IT security concepts and perhaps professional references that show that an individual is able to follow instructions and work in a professional environment.
People who are interested in higher-level positions in which they might actually design security solutions and perform risk management generally must satisfy IT security qualifications that include significant amounts of technical and management experience. People in these positions have to be deeply familiar with operating systems and software. They must understand their vulnerabilities and know which solutions typically are prescribed to deal with these flaws. Project management, which includes the development and implementation of security processes and solutions, requires professionals who are able to effectively delegate tasks and complete projects in allotted periods of time and under budgetary constraints.
In most cases, IT security qualifications also include the ability to communicate clearly in various ways. Most positions require that individuals can write clear reports that describe issues such as system vulnerabilities and possible solutions. In many cases, higher-level IT security professionals must give presentations in which they use graphs and written text to convince managers and executives that certain threats exist and that only particular solutions apply.
Professional certification and membership in professional associations related to IT security might not be considered IT security qualifications by many employers, but they can help job candidates to stand apart from the competition. These credentials can show that a person keeps up with current trends and concerns. It also is common for people who have these professional connections to read trade publications and attend presentations where they can learn about new products and ideas in the field of IT security.
