Thiazide side effects are usually mild and do not cause any significant health concerns, although any new or bothersome symptoms that develop after beginning treatment with this medication should be reported to a doctor for further evaluation. Some of the most frequently reported side effects of this diuretic include headaches, dizziness, and lethargy. Elevated blood sugar levels, electrolyte imbalances, and an increased sensitivity to sunlight may occur when using this drug. Muscle pain, erectile dysfunction, and allergic reactions are also among the reported thiazide side effects. Individualized questions concerning potential thiazide side effects should be discussed with a doctor or pharmacist.
A mild to moderate headache is one of the most frequently reported thiazide side effects and can usually be treated successfully with over-the-counter pain relievers. If the headache appears suddenly or is severe, a trip to the nearest hospital is recommended in order to rule out complications such as an aneurysm or stroke. Dizziness is another common side effect of this medication, and extreme caution should be used when driving or performing other tasks that require focus or coordination. Lethargy, or extreme weakness, may sometimes occur when taking thiazide.
Electrolyte imbalances and increased blood sugar levels are possible thiazide side effects. Calcium, potassium, and magnesium levels may be affected by altered sodium levels, which often occur as a result of taking diuretics such as thiazide. Patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes should discuss the benefits and risks of this drug with the prescribing physician. Periodic blood tests may be performed so that any complications can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
Some people may notice an increased sensitivity to sunlight when taking thiazide. Sunscreen and protective clothing may help to prevent skin damage caused by this sensitivity. Muscle pain, cramps, and spasms are possible thiazide side effects and should be reported to a doctor to make sure there are no underlying medical issues that need to be addressed. Men who take this drug may experience some degree of erectile dysfunction, although this symptom usually disappears after the medication is discontinued.
Allergic reactions are rare, but potentially fatal thiazide side effects require emergency medical treatment. Hives, itching, and skin inflammation are the most common signs of an allergic reaction. A more serious type of reaction known as anaphylaxis may cause sudden death due to swelling of the throat or tongue and the resulting lack of oxygen due to breathing difficulties.
