Digging azalea shrubs out of the ground, inevitably severing numerous small feeder roots, then dragging it to a new spot and replanting is a stressful process for the shrubs. This is called transplant stress or transplant shock, a state that can be minimized with the right care before, during and after the move. Some of the best tips for transplanting azaleas are to move the plants in the fall, replant right away, and follow up with consistent moisture and a layer of mulch.
Fall weather provides cool temperatures ideal for transplanting. Heat tends to wilt plants already stressed from a move. In the fall, azaleas are also going into their dormant period and are better able to deal with transplant shock. In addition, rainy fall weather cuts down on the amount of extra water needed for a newly transplanted azalea.
Soaking the ground two to three days before moving an azalea helps loosen the soil, making it easier to dig out the root ball. A circle 12 to 18 inches (about 30 to 45 cm) out from the base of the trunk is a suitable size for the root ball. A shovel can be used to dig down at least 12 inches (about 30 cm) under the azalea. It is then lifted out and placed on a tarp or wheelbarrow. It is important that the azalea only be handled by the root ball, as picking it up by the base of the stem can damage the roots.
Azaleas should be replanted right away to minimize damage, but if they can't be, it is important to keep the roots damp. The root ball can be packed in soil in a container, in a temporary hole or in a large pot. Damp peat moss, leaf mold, sawdust or shredded bark can also be used. Azaleas should be replanted within one to two weeks of digging.
Transplanting azaleas can be done successfully any time of year with the right care. Spring, right before the new growth starts is the second best time after fall. Transplanting azaleas in the summer is best done before temperatures rise above 80°F (about 26°C). In mild, frost-free climates or climates that experience only minor frost, transplanting azaleas can be done in winter.
After transplanting azaleas, the shrubs require at least 1 inch (about 2.5 cm) of water per week. If the natural precipitation rates fall below this, additional water should be supplied. One of the best tips for caring for azaleas after transplanting is to add a layer of mulch 2 to 4 inches (about 5 to 10 cm) deep around the base of the plant for insulation and to regulate soil temperature.
