Heart failure is a medical condition that occurs when the heart is not able to efficiently pump blood to the rest of the body. This process generally occurs slowly, although it may occasionally develop suddenly. Heart failure management is extremely important in order to preserve the life of the patient and prevent or prolong the need for a heart transplant. Symptoms of heart failure may include shortness of breath, fatigue, or heart palpitations. Heart failure management may include dietary changes, lifestyle modification, and the use of prescription medications. Surgery may be necessary in severe cases.
Dietary changes are often an important part of heart failure management. Reaching and maintaining a healthy weight is crucial so that the heart does not have to work any harder than necessary. A low-sodium diet will likely be prescribed to any heart patient, especially those experiencing heart failure. Some patients may benefit from consulting with a dietitian or nutritionist when developing a healthy eating plan.
Lifestyle modification is another important part of heart failure management. Smoking should be discontinued right away if the patient is a smoker. Mild to moderate exercise can be a useful part of heart failure management, although a doctor should be consulted before beginning any new exercise program to make sure that it is safe. It is also important for the patient to get enough rest, because when the body is at rest, the heart is able to rest as well.
Prescription medications are often used as a vital part of heart failure management. Certain types of blood pressure medications known as ACE inhibitors may be used to help keep the blood vessels open so the blood is able to flow more freely throughout the body. Diuretics may be used to help the body get rid of excess fluids. Other medications may be prescribed to help reduce the workload of the heart or to regulate the heart rhythm.
Surgical intervention is sometimes a necessary part of heart failure management. In some cases, one or more valves of the heart may need to repaired or replaced in order to improve blood flow from the heart. In other cases, an implantable pacemaker may need to be surgically placed into the body in order to regulate the beating of the heart. Other devices can sometimes be surgically implanted in order to improve heart function. If these treatment methods do not work or the degree of damage to the heart is extensive, a heart transplant may become necessary.
