Contraceptives, when used properly, can help prevent unwanted pregnancies and protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Some contraceptives offer a very high degree of protection in theory, but human error can significantly reduce the effectiveness of nearly any type of contraceptive. Understanding the basics of contraceptive use can help increase the chances of a safe sexual encounter.
First, not all contraceptives protect against all dangers. The birth control pill and intra-uterine device (IUD), for instance, give excellent protection against pregnancy but provide no protection against STDs. Some health experts recommend doubling up on contraceptive use, such as by using both condoms and birth control pills. One common mistake to avoid when trying to increase protection levels is using a double layer of condoms; this can actually lead to increased chances of breakage.
The likelihood of mistakes can be reduced by reading and following all instructions on contraceptive use. Instructions are often included with the contraceptive, and should be followed carefully. Breakage or malfunction is often more likely if contraceptive use instructions are not followed.
Beware of allergies to certain types of contraceptives. Many people are allergic to latex condoms and the chemicals used in spermicide. A latex allergy can be quite severe, and may even be fatal in some cases. If itching, rashes or urinary discomfort occurs after contraceptive use, be sure to get tested for possible allergies as well as possible STD infection. For people allergic to spermicide, look for a natural, water-based lubricant that does not contain parabens or petrochemicals; while this may not give the protection of a spermicidal lubricant, it can still allow the use of condoms and lower the risk of condom breakage.
Switching birth control pill formulas can easily lead to pregnancy. Since these pills are taken every day, missing even a few days while switching medications may increase the chances of accidental pregnancy. If a switch is planned or recommended by a doctor, use alternative methods of contraception for a few weeks for added protection.
Be vigilant about ensuring that all contraceptives are stored correctly and that expired contraceptives are discarded. An expired or damaged contraceptive may look no different than a working version, but can have disastrous results. In general, most contraceptives should be stored in cool, dry locations.
In many places, emergency contraception known as the morning after pill can be obtained over the counter from pharmacies. In case of primary contraception failure, it may be a good idea to keep a morning after pill on hand to limit the risk of accidental pregnancy. Be sure to take a morning after pill as soon as possible after unprotected sex, as most varieties of emergency contraceptives work better if they are used at once.
