Pulmonary edema treatment options are often dependent on the direct cause of the condition, although there are some standard treatment options that are widely beneficial to those suffering from this condition. Choosing the best pulmonary edema treatment depends on the cause as well as the overall health of the patient. Common pulmonary edema treatment methods include the use of over-the-counter and prescription medications, dietary changes, and getting the proper amounts of rest and sleep.
Pulmonary edema treatment often involves the use of medications known as diuretics. Diuretics are commonly referred to as water pills and work to remove excess fluids from the body through urination. Over-the-counter diuretics may be beneficial to some people, although prescription-strength water pills are frequently needed. Nitroglycerin may be given as well to help widen the blood vessels in the lungs, allowing for better circulation as well as reducing fluid pressure.
Blood pressure medications may need to be used as a form of pulmonary edema treatment. Blood pressure issues are common with this disease, although this is not always the case. Some patients may need to take medications designed to lower blood pressure levels, while others may need help raising the blood pressure to a healthy level. Other types of medications may become necessary as well, depending on the individual situation.
Dietary changes are sometimes a necessary part of pulmonary edema treatment. Most patients with this condition will be advised to limit sodium intake, as sodium tends to cause the body to retain excess fluid. A registered dietitian can help the patient learn to adapt to a lower-sodium diet. Depending on any additional health conditions that may be present, the doctor may recommend additional dietary changes as well. Mild to moderate exercise may be recommended, although a doctor should be consulted to make sure this is safe.
Frequent monitoring of weight changes can be a helpful tool in managing this condition. Too much fluid can cause rapid weight gain, which should be reported to a doctor right away. The patient is typically advised to document body weight each morning and call the doctor's office if daily weight gain is 2 pounds or more. Fatigue is a common symptom of pulmonary edema, so it is important to get plenty of sleep each night. It may also become necessary to take one or more naps during the day in order to be able to effectively function and accomplish daily goals.
